Cable Internet is installed in a private home. What type of Internet connection is best to choose for a private home?

In Russia, the leader in providing Internet services is Rostelecom. The telecommunications market requires that the Internet provider have extensive wired communication channels available. Due to the large distances between populated areas, it is unprofitable to lay new lines, and Rostelecom uses existing telephone lines. Thanks to this, the Internet from Rostelecom can be installed in every private house or a sparsely populated area. As development continues, technologies for connecting the Internet to private households are also improving. Rostelecom also remains a leader in the variety of connection methods.

Internet connection technologies for a private home

Providers use several technologies. Here are the most common:

• ADSL connection - transmits the signal via telephone cable lines, you need a landline telephone;
• PON connection - uses fiber optic cable;
• Wi-Fi connection - works using radio waves;
• 3G or 4G modem - uses signal cellular communications for mobile phones;
• TV cable + Ethernet - a special modem converts the television signal into an Ethernet signal.

What technologies are presented in Rostelecom’s services?

Rostelecom uses three main types of technologies: ADSL, GPON and Wi-Fi. All have advantages and disadvantages. The specific type of Internet connection to a private home or dacha is established based on technical capabilities.

ADSL connection

If there is a landline telephone in the house, then Internet access is provided using ADSL. This technology uses telephone lines through which an Internet signal is transmitted. Depending on the distance of the communication center and the length of the cable line, the speed of receiving information ranges from 2–4 Mbit/s to 20–25 Mbit/s. The average speed stated in the tariff line is 10 Mbit/sec.

The technology is based on the use of a digital line of a telephone network subscriber. The telephone network transmits voice messages in analog form. Using ADSL technology, the analog signal is converted to digital and transmitted to the input of the network adapter. In this case, digital and analog signals are separated into two components and supplied simultaneously to the telephone and computer.

When connected, devices can be connected using ADSL technology

By modern standards, the speed is, of course, low, but it is enough to download programs or media content. The speed is not enough for comfortable use of online games or watching movies, but all inconveniences are compensated by a fast connection. For those who use the Internet only to watch news, this is more than enough.

The main inconvenience, especially if the telephone lines are old, is frequent communication interruptions when cable connections are flooded with water during rain or overhead lines are cut off during natural disasters. You often have to contact technical support or utility services.

GPON connection

GPON connection technology is the best solution for laying an Internet connection line to a private household. Unlike copper, passive optical fiber cable is cheaper and more resistant to external influences. It is almost impossible to break under external mechanical influence, and is not affected by moisture.

From personal experience I can say that a fiber optic cable stops transmitting an Internet signal when it is bent by 180°. When the cable is straightened, the signal appears again. There is no mechanical damage to the cable when bent.

The speed of obtaining information under the best conditions reaches 1 Gbit/sec. Standard speed, which Rostelecom declares in its tariff line - 100 Mbit/sec.

Fiber optic cable stops transmitting internet signal when bent 180°

You can run a fiber optic cable home television, security alarm, surveillance cameras and remote automatic control system “smart home”.

What is special about the technology? Thanks to the network structure, one central module can be both a receiver and a transmitter. Therefore, it is possible to service information flows of many subscribers, regardless of their number and volume of information. The signal is transmitted along one conductor of many fiber optic strands that make up a fiber optic cable. A splitter is used on the line between the provider and the subscriber, which transmits the signal to the subscriber in a separation mode and in the opposite direction in a mixing mode.

When connecting via PON technology, you can effectively use the network configuration regardless of the location of the subscriber nodes

Main advantages of GPON connection:

• high resistance to interference;
• the connection is made directly with the central module and does not depend on accidents and breakdowns of other devices in the network;
• high bandwidth of the communication channel allows you to connect several services to the router;
• there is no intermediate equipment between the central node and network subscribers;
• you can effectively use the network configuration regardless of the location of the subscriber nodes;
• economical, easy to connect and maintain.

The main disadvantages of a PON connection:

• difficult to create a network;
• it is expensive to install a fiber optic cable to a private home if it is far from the connection point;
• Due to high sensitivity to bending, the signal level decreases.

Video: features of GPON Internet connection via fiber optic cable to a private home

If there are no cable lines, you can use Wi-Fi technology.

Wi-Fi connection

Private households are connected to the Internet via Wi-Fi in small settlements with 250–500 inhabitants. The service from Rostelecom is called “Internet at Home”. The company installs long-range access points, and a private home is connected to the Internet via a wireless connection based on radio waves.

The speed of obtaining information using this technology is up to 10 Mbit/sec. In addition, the company gives free access to 2 thousand sites government agencies authorities.

When connecting to the Internet under the “Internet at Home” tariff, the company installs access points with a long range

How to connect to the universal Internet at Home service:

1. Establish a connection between a router equipped with a Wi-Fi device and a long-range access point.
2. Connect to the RTOpen network to gain access to the Rostelecom websites rt.ru and lk.rt.ru.
3. Register on the website.
4. After registration, go to the RTWiFi network for full Internet experience.

If finances do not allow you to purchase equipment to connect to the “Internet at Home” tariff, and the access point is located within 100 m from a private home, then you can connect to the Internet via Wi-Fi as part of the “Eliminating the Digital Divide” program.

Connecting to the Internet at a social tariff for the service “Eliminating the digital divide”

To do this, register on the official website of Rostelecom or call 8–800–301–00–35.

Register via Wi-Fi network near the hotspot. How to do it:

At first, connecting to a wireless network was paid, but when the service gained popularity, Rostelecom made it free.

There is another option for connecting to the Internet. If there is no landline telephone in the house, there are no plans to install an optical network in the area of ​​a private house, and the access point is too far away, then try to negotiate with neighbors who already have access to the Internet. You need to install a router with a Wi-Fi receiver and pay for the connection service for two.

Tariffs and cost of Internet connection

If there is a landline telephone in a private house or country house, then Rostelecom specialists will connect you for free. You only pay for setup additional equipment, which can be connected to the Internet. Select a tariff plan on the official Rostelecom website.

Select a tariff for connecting to the Internet on the official website of Rostelecom

When connecting to Wi-Fi using the “Internet at Home” tariff, you don’t need to pay anything: the tariff is free, within state program Internet development in the Russian Federation.

When connecting to the Internet at Home service, the tariff is free

The cost of connection varies depending on the region: high in remote areas such as Chukotka and Kamchatka, and low in the Moscow region.

When connecting via fiber optic cable, there is no general pricing criterion: everything depends on the location to the nearest connection point, cable length and installation work. The cost is estimated at individually. The total cost consists of tariffs for running a linear meter of cable, the price of the fiber optic cable and operating time.

When connecting, you will need a router, preferably with a Wi-Fi device. You can buy it in the store. The cost of a router ranges from 1200 to 3500 rubles. If financial capabilities do not allow you to purchase a device, then you can rent it from Rostelecom with the right to purchase. Payment will be included in the monthly subscription fee. You will only have to make monthly payments according to the tariff plan.

What equipment is needed to connect to the Internet in a private home?

To connect to the Internet from Rostelecom, you need to purchase and configure equipment. It can also be rented from a provider with the right to later purchase. Depending on the connection technology, the equipment also changes.

Connection via telephone line

You will need an ADSL modem.

Select and connect an ADSL modem to the network

Different types of such modems connect to the Internet after installing a special filter - a splitter. It separates analog voice and digital signals: you can use the phone and the Internet at the same time.

Connect the splitter to the network in front of the modem

Video: connecting and setting up an ADSL modem

The modem must be equipped with a Wi-Fi device to support multiple devices on the network.

Fiber optic connection

You will need a GPON modem. Such a modem can combine the functions of Ethernet and a Wi-Fi router. If you can, immediately install a router to organize an intra-house network.

Purchase and connect a router to the network

It will help divide the Internet signal into several devices: laptop, tablet, smartphone, TV, phone. You can divide via wires connected to the LAN connectors of the router, or via a Wi-Fi connection. You can configure the router through any browser on the standard settings website, for example, 192.168.100.1.

Wi-Fi connection

You will need a set of equipment. As a rule, it is indicated in the contract or on the website of the Rostelecom distributor.

Select necessary equipment to connect to the Internet

The kit includes:

• LTE antenna for receiving a wireless Internet signal from a long-range access point;
• Wi-Fi router for receiving and dividing the signal;
• adapters;
• connecting cable;
• wall mount for cable.

Internet connection via 3G and 4G

Internet from Rostelecom in a private home can also be connected via 3G and 4G, if allowed technical specifications. For such a connection, Rostelecom networks and LTE antennas are used. They connect using a special modem in USB format, equipped with a SIM card with a special tariff.

Select 3G modem or 4G modem to connect to the Internet

The 3G modem can support speeds up to 3.4 Mbit/s, and the 4G modem up to 30 Mbit/s. In the future, the manufacturer promises an increase in speed to 1 Gbit/sec.

Connection via TV cable

If technical conditions in the region allow, then you can connect to the Internet via DOCSIS technologies using a television cable as an Internet signal conductor.

If necessary, rent a modem from Rostelecom

A modem for connecting via television cable can be rented from Rostelecom. This modem has a key built into the firmware. It does not require additional configuration; immediately after connecting to a television cable, it decodes the television signal into an Ethernet signal.

How does the Internet connection work?

The connection occurs in several stages.

Connect to the Internet in four steps

There are four standard options to submit your application:

Connecting with a distributor may be cheaper, since he needs to attract new customers. With the rapid development of construction in the private sector and high competition among Internet providers, this is real. Organizations that connect homes in the private sector offer favorable conditions.

Check out the distributor's offers

When the application is processed, a team of specialists will come to you to connect your home to the Internet and make initial equipment settings.

After presenting the Internet at work, sign an agreement between the client and the company in two copies. One copy remains with the client, the second copy is taken by Rostelecom specialists.

It is necessary to store the client copy and not lose it: you may need it. When developing a new tariff plan, Rostelecom can connect all clients to it in a row. You may be connected to services that you did not order, for example, “Night acceleration” or “Your ideal HD”. To challenge an undeclared connection and get your money back, you will need an agreement.

Internet connection from Rostelecom - best option for a private home. The company offers several types of connection technology using cable routes or in the absence of them. Connection speed for wired and wireless connection gradually levels out, and sharp differences in performance disappear. For rural areas priority is a wireless connection, since fiber optic cable is quite expensive to install, and telephone lines are being forced out of the market mobile communications. This must be taken into account when deciding whether to install the Internet in a private home.

What to do if you live on the outskirts, but want to use the main benefit of the 21st century just like everyone else. Unfortunately, this situation can cause some problems. Don’t worry, they are completely solved, it’s just a little more difficult to connect to the global Internet while out of town.

The fact is that the Internet has been present in our country for a relatively short time. And initially it was transferred using aDSL technology, over telephone lines. And only recent years 15 began to lay fiber-optic cables throughout the cities. With private houses located outside the city, or even several kilometers away, things are much worse.

It is simply not profitable for providers to extend the main communication channel so far, so private clients have to pervert. Now there are several options to get Internet in a private home:

• Over the phone line, just like in the good old days;
• Route the cable from the nearest point;
• 3G/4G modems;
• Satellite.

Now I will tell you how I myself chose the connection method in my case. My house is located 5 km from the city. But the problem was that the town itself is very small and there are few providers there. Let's consider all the methods and options.

Search for a provider

Without a provider, you will not be able to connect to the Internet in any way, so first of all we simply find available companies. Our task is to find someone who can help and offer certain options. Plus we can compare prices. Yes, this will take time, but please do not skip this step.

Each company will offer its own type of connection: satellite, modem, etc. Take a piece of paper and write down all the options. It should indicate:

• Connection type;
• Is there additional television - if you need it;
• How much will the equipment cost?
• How much will the installation cost?

Please note that installation and equipment costs vary in different locations. The fact is that you can buy the equipment yourself by simply going to the city, but the installation will most likely be handled by the provider, but not in all cases.

Cable

Cable laying is the best, but expensive option. This is especially suitable for gamers, since this option will have the lowest ping in online games. There are two common options:

Fast Ethernet or Gigabit Ethernet

It is the most common in cities. Maximum transfer speed 100 – 1000 Mbit per second. Information is transmitted in data packets according to the IEEE 802.3 group standard.

This is the best option, but the problem may be the price. The fact is that you can lay twisted pair cables without a repeater over a maximum distance of 100 meters. There is no point in installing repeaters somewhere. This is quite possible - only if the provider has a point to the network not far away.

The installation will be done with outdoor cable, which costs much more due to shielding and additional braiding that protects against moisture, heat, frost and others. weather conditions. If there is no nearest connection point, you may be offered to install fiber optics.

What is the disadvantage of this option? Firstly, the material itself. Secondly, work that will not be carried out under your control. And thirdly, the installation must be carried out in protective casings or tubes, for which you will also need to pay.

DOCSIS

This is the second good option, with a speed of 45 Mbit per second. The connection will take place via a television or coaxial cable, with one core inside. Usually the subscriber is immediately offered to connect to television. But even if you don’t need it, you will need a specialized modem in addition.

Pros

• Low ping in games;
• High channel speed;
• Complete freedom of traffic on the Internet.

Cons

• Laying cables is an expensive proposition;
• You can't lay a line everywhere;
• In a remote area far from the city, it is impossible to connect.

GPON

Passive optical network is an Internet connection via a fiber optic leased line. The maximum support standard is IEEE 802.3av. Otherwise it is also called 10GEPON (10 Gigabit Ethernet PON. The data transfer speed is several times higher than over twisted pair.

This connection is more resistant to external influences - moisture, frost, heat. Maximum speed up to 10 Gbit per second. In fact, providers provide only 100 Mbit, but this is more than enough.

Usually the central receiver is brought into a populated area, and there is already a connection to it via twisted pair cable within 20-30 meters. At the same time, the central equipment can support up to 100 subscribers simultaneously. One of the leaders in connecting to fiber optics is Rostelecom.

Pros

• There is no influence of electromagnetic influence, since the information is transmitted by a beam of light;
• Very high speed;
• Lowest ping;
• High throughput;
• Resistance to data loss.

Cons

• Difficulty of carrying out;
• Expensive central line equipment.

This was my case, due to the high cost of installing fiber optics, I had to negotiate with neighboring houses. First I found out the cost of wiring and installing central equipment. I just went to all my neighbors and proposed my idea - to install and connect a station nearby for fast Internet.

Not everyone agreed, but a heating company worked nearby. They agreed to help and also participate in the connection. In the end, it wasn’t so expensive and we now have fiber optics.

ADSL

Or data transfer over a telephone line. Since there are only two wires in such cables, the maximum speed drops to 20 Mbit per second. This option, as practice has shown, is the most common, since telephone lines are often always available in the vicinity of the private sector where country houses are located.

Laying telephone wires can be done from the nearest populated area - the cost will not be so high. In addition to everything, you will need a separate ADSL modem, to which the telephone line will be connected.

From practice, I can say that in games the ping increases by 100-120 ms with this connection. You also need to install a splitter if someone at your home uses a landline phone. Because if one of your relatives picks up the phone or calls you, the Internet will disappear. The cost of the modem and splitter is not expensive, around 1000 - 1500 rubles.

As a result, you will get average Internet speed, which is more than enough to surf the Internet, watch movies, videos and play games (with noticeable ping).

Pros

• Inexpensive cost to install;
• Cheap tariffs;

Cons

• High ping: 200-300 ms;
• Lack of line security;
• Weather conditions directly affect communication;
• You need to buy or rent a modem, but it is inexpensive.

2G, 3G, 4G, 5G internet

These technologies have begun to develop profusely in the last 10 years. This is another good option for a country house. Since you don’t have to lay anything out or pay extra. All that remains is to buy a modem and use it.

But there are some nuances. Unfortunately, not all areas have coverage of 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G towers, which is why in some situations it can be problematic to connect to the Internet in this way. Therefore, here you need to call first of all large telephone operators:

• MTS – 8 800 2500890,
• TELE2 – 8 495 9797611,
• Megafon – 8 800 5500500,
• YOTA – 8 800 5500007,
• Beeline – 8 800 7000611.

Your task is to ask about 3G or 4G coverage in your area. So you will need to provide the exact address or geolocation data. As a rule, there are no problems with this, and you can easily connect.

As a person who has used such an Internet before, I can note some advantages and disadvantages:

Pros

• Inexpensive modem;
• No need to worry about wires;
• You can take the flash drive with you anywhere, and it quickly connects to any computer or laptop.
• Can be connected to Wi-Fi modem and distribute the Internet to your home wireless network.

Cons

• The ping is even higher than with an ADSL modem. In games it reaches 375-400 ms and constantly jumps. So for those who like to play, this is not an option.
• If it works stably within the city, then outside the city there are constant outages, packet loss, speed drops, which makes it impossible to watch videos online.
• Tariffs for unlimited modems are usually quite expensive. At least this was the case for me when I connected the modem Internet. Perhaps times have changed.

In general, this option is good if you just read articles, look at pictures, sit in social networks and just chat. Modem Internet is suitable for people who are not so dependent on traffic and ping.

Satellite

A good option, since satellite Internet is practically independent of the geolocation and location of the subscriber. Being in a deep forest, you can safely surf the Internet. If you already have a satellite dish or dish, then there should be no problems with connection. All you have to do is contact the service provider.

Now there are a lot of providers that provide satellite Internet at good prices. Please note that all previous connection options are very dependent on the location near a city, village or any other populated area.

Yes, this is not bad if there is a large city nearby. But if a populated area is located somewhere in the forest, then the only option is to connect a satellite dish. True, you will have to pay good money for the dish, connection and monthly subscription fee. The speed is quite acceptable - up to 45 Mbit per second.

Pros

• Connect anywhere in the world;
• In addition to the Internet, you can connect to satellite television, which is famous for its abundance of channels.

Cons

• High cost for connection and equipment;
• For EDGE/GPRS one-way transmission, you will definitely need a receiver;
• More expensive tariffs;
• The ping or response increases to 900 ms.

Wireless Internet WiMax or Wireless MAN

Very rarely used. This technology allows you to transmit data via radio waves with a frequency of 2-11 GHz. If we talk in simple language, then it is somewhat similar to a large Wi-Fi network, which extends over a diameter of 10-15 km. Special GSM towers broadcast the signal over a long distance.

The speed is quite high. In this case, you do not need to have any equipment, since data transmission is carried out according to IEEE 802.16 standards. You can connect from a laptop, phone, tablet, or from any device with a receiver or Wi-Fi module.

This technology is not very common among the average user and is more often used to connect to a single local network of an enterprise or company. That is, if several networks are located at a great distance, then with the help of towers they can be combined into one network.

In my case, I didn’t find a single company or the nearest tower, so I couldn’t connect. Dear readers, who has had experience connecting via WiMax - share your experience below in the comments.

Pros

• There is no need to run cables or purchase equipment;
• For the network, you can organize a connection through a regular home router;
• High information transfer speed and signal quality.

Cons

• Rare technology is not available everywhere;
• Also high ping.

How to choose the right one

The most important thing is not to rush, as in this case there is a huge chance of choosing the wrong thing. Be prepared that you will have to spend a lot of time on the phone to find out the tariffs from different suppliers and companies.

Don’t be lazy, take a piece of paper and first write down all the available companies that provide Internet access in the nearest city. To do this, just call the helpline. After that, we call one by one and ask what they can offer you and at what price. Also ask about the cost of the equipment.

You also need to consider your location. The further away from the city you are, the fewer options there will be. I indicated all the pros and cons in each of the connections above, which you also need to pay attention to. Here are a number of characteristics that you need to look at first:

• Maximum data transfer rate.
• Additional services: IP telephony, television, access to the provider’s local network, built-in antivirus, parental controls (if you have children), etc.
• Are there any discounts or promotions for connection?
• Tariff plan cost;
• Cost of equipment for connection in your case;
• The most important thing is what type of connection will be. We talked about them in the article. This is necessary to get a rough idea of ​​the shortcomings of each.

Which Internet is better for the private sector? If we talk about the highest quality, then it is optical fiber. If we talk about the cheapest option, then this is a modem. Here everyone chooses for themselves and there is no clear unambiguous answer.

What is the price? The price depends greatly on the specific case. If you decide to install cable Internet, they will only be able to tell you about it after calculations. approximate costs for work and materials. For Satellite and modem, you can ask the company, and they will answer you right away.

Organization of Wi-Fi network

After connecting to the Internet, you will most likely need to organize a wireless network. To do this, you will need a regular home router (router). It will perform several functions:

• Autonomous Internet connection using all existing technologies described above;
• Distribution of WiFi network in a private home;
• Bandwidth control;
• Parental Controls – allows you to restrict access to dangerous, adult sites or web pages of your choice;
• Connecting Wi-Fi or IP cameras to a local network. If you forward ports, you can monitor your home from anywhere in the world where there is Internet.

Which router to choose for a private home?

Now there are a lot of routers, but they are all approximately the same in their functionality. There is really a difference in the maximum data transfer speed, support for standards and maximum range. For a private home, you should choose walkway models with a strong signal.

This is necessary for the wireless network to work without problems around the entire perimeter of the house, as well as outside. For example, I bought an expensive model to install an outdoor Wi-Fi camera and monitor my back and front yard. I just didn’t want to pull wires and spoil the repair, so I installed wireless video surveillance cameras. Here is a small selection specifically for a country house.

ASUS RT-AC86U

Great option for gamers. The ping will be much lower than on simple stationary models. High speed up to 2917 Mbps over the entire local wireless network.

The power of the main transmitter is 17 dBM, plus there are 6 antennas of 5 dBi each. Enough to cover the territory of a large multi-meter private house. A special system allows you to reduce the likelihood of packet loss.

A powerful 4-core processor running on a 64-bit board allows you to process data at high speed. Can support up to 30 machines with constant access to the network and the Internet. If you have a large family and have a video surveillance system, then this is an option for you.

More expensive or cheaper?

Here everyone decides for themselves. There's no point in getting an expensive model if you don't have cameras and your house isn't that big. But if you have a lot of connected devices and need a large range of coverage, then it’s worth forking out. I bought the TP-LINK Archer C4000 specifically for large coverage of CCTV cameras, but not everyone needs this.

Internet connection via router

First, we do the installation and connections based on the type of Internet:

1. 3G/4G modem. Before purchasing, you need to clarify whether this or that model supports this Internet connection. The fact is that if there is a USB connector on the router, it does not mean that the modem supports 3G/4G. After purchase, insert the modem into the USB connector. We connect the LAN cable to a PC or laptop.

1. Connect to the ADSL network device, one of the wires to the LAN connector, the other end to the WAN or Internet port of the router. We connect the telephone cable to the DSL connector. (without a phone there is a direct connection, with a phone you will need a splitter).
2. Satellite dish - here you need to connect the DVB receiver to the WAN or Internet connector of the router.

1. WiMax or Wireless MAN. We connect the output to the output antenna, if there is one, to the Internet port on the router. If it is not there, we do nothing, just connect the router to the PC from which the configuration will be carried out.

The setup instructions are approximately the same for all models:

1. We go to the router’s IP using the address bar of the browser. This is either 192.168.1.1 or 192.168.0.1. The standard address is located on a label under the router.
2. We enter the authorization data in the admin panel (admin, admin or admin and an empty line).
3. Next, go to the WAN settings and select the connection type. We enter the data for authorization in the provider’s network. This information is in the contract. Don’t be scared, all modern routers have a quick Internet setup feature. By following the instructions that the device offers, you can connect any connection without any problems. As a last resort, call the provider’s technical support - they will explain everything to you.
4. At the end, do not forget to indicate the SSID (Wi-Fi) name of the network and its password.

NOTE! To configure exactly your router model, it is better to use the search on our website, where all known modems are presented.

Wi-Fi signal booster

I'll tell you briefly what you need for this:

• Position the router so that there are as few obstacles as possible (walls, cabinets, doors, windows) in the path of the signal and wave. For example, at the fork of all corridors at the entrance to the house.
• Remove all interference-producing devices from the router: microwave ovens, telephones, radios, televisions, etc.
• Position the antennas at a 45 degree angle.
• For a more powerful signal, you can install repeaters or install another router in the place where the signal is lost. We simply configure it as a repeater.
• Installing more powerful antennas for your model.

If your cottage community, village or gardening community has already been provided with a fiber-optic or regular Internet cable, then you are very lucky. After all, humanity has not yet invented cheaper and faster Internet access. Sometimes in small villages, providers use several Wi-Fi routers as the “last mile”, which “distribute” the Internet to end consumers. This is somewhat worse than having a cable installed in the house, but overall it is also acceptable.

There are only two disadvantages: monthly payment and often quite high connection costs, since such a provider, as a rule, is a monopolist.

Mobile technologies to the rescue

Moreover, despite the fact that Yota uses Megafon’s infrastructure, the coverage map in the Moscow region for these two operators is slightly different.

Coverage maps of all four mobile operators can be viewed here: "Beeline" , MTS , Yota .

However, you should not trust such maps one hundred percent, and it is better to check the quality of the network personally on the spot.

You can measure the signal strength using the Network Info II application in Google Play or other similar programs, changing SIM cards of different operators in the smartphone.

You need to look at the network type indicator (Net type, best of all - LTE) and signal strength (RSSI).

There is an easier way to determine the speed of the mobile network. To do this you can download Speedtest app.

As an example, the speed of Internet access in 2G, 3G and 4G networks is shown.

After you choose an operator of suitable quality, you need to select an Internet tariff that suits your needs, and then “distribute” the Internet via Wi-Fi. This can be done using a smartphone or 4G/3G router.

When choosing a tariff plan for the mobile Internet, it is worth remembering that PCs and laptops consume a lot of traffic and also like to download large software updates and email attachments without permission.

A mobile, stationary router or a combination of a router with a 4G/3G USB modem can be purchased at electronics stores, or you can purchase branded equipment from mobile operators.

This device looks something like this, and some models can also serve as a portable external battery for a smartphone. On average, such a router can be bought for 3-5 thousand rubles.

If the signal is not strong enough, then you can purchase a stationary 3G/4G router and an external directional antenna. In total, such a kit will cost 7-10 thousand rubles.

The antenna can be mounted on a house wall, pole or tree in the direction of the nearest cell tower.

A companion will help in the wilderness

If your home is located outside the signal range of any cell tower, you can install two-way satellite VSAT Internet. This is done by specialized companies, and the cost of such equipment is 30-60 thousand rubles.

Tariffs for satellite Internet are also not cheap. The subscription fee will be 1-8 thousand rubles. per month, and payment per megabyte will cost 0.5 rubles. per megabyte. However, satellite often becomes the only way to connect your home to the Internet.

How to connect the Internet at the dacha: the best options for country houses.

It is impossible to imagine a modern country cottage without an Internet connection. Like. recently, even summer residents of the Moscow region did not think about how to use the Internet at the dacha, but now you can already get confused in the abundance of technological proposals: fiber optics, satellites, mobile connections... Which Internet is better for the dacha, how to choose the best option so that it is “enough” for everyone How to carry it out, we talk about it in our material.

From this article you will learn:

• What type of Internet connection is most convenient?
• How to install Internet at your dacha?
• What to look for when choosing a USB modem?
• How to boost your wireless signal and get fast internet at the dacha?
• What is two-way satellite internet?

The modern Internet technology market offers the user many different ways to connect to the Internet. However, not all of them are applicable to summer cottages: or rather, the options differ greatly in price and set of advantages and disadvantages. Sometimes it may turn out that an expensive and promising solution is far from the most reliable. This is influenced various factors: distance from the city, presence of base stations nearby, landscape features (for example, in a lowland or near a forest mobile internet catching is worse) and even the time of year - in summer, foliage on the trees creates additional “noise” for the wireless signal. Therefore, when choosing a connection, you will have to take into account the maximum parameters. One thing is good: a suitable option can almost always be found. And it won’t be difficult to install it yourself.

Optical fiber

Perhaps the most reliable connection method is optical fiber. The signal travels through it literally at the speed of light. This explains the main advantages of fiber optic cable: it allows you to transmit large amounts of information over long distances without delay. The cable is reliably protected from interference and is not affected by electromagnetic radiation, which allows it to be installed, for example, together with high-voltage wires.

The main disadvantage of this technology is that it is not always found outside the city. Provider companies primarily prefer densely populated areas. The further the cable is run, the more expensive the connection becomes. For rural areas it can reach up to 20-30 thousand rubles just for conducting it. But sometimes even this does not stop summer residents from connecting to fiber optics. Here's what our reader wrote about the advantages of fiber optics BigK.

BigK FORUMHOUSE Member

The cost of connection is 15 thousand rubles, “subscriber” - 1000 per month. I thought about it and don’t regret it at all. I remember the ordeals in the summer, the lack of a normal signal, equipment breakdowns on the nearest tower... Everything was forgotten, as if in a nightmare... I brought the optics into the garage of the house, and brought twisted pair cables to the bathhouse. The main disadvantage is that the IP is gray, I had to do port forwarding and configure it a little.

Fiber optics require almost no additional equipment: the cable is suspended over the air or pulled underground. In the home it can be connected directly to a computer. If desired, you can route the line using a twisted pair cable different rooms. Another option is to make one or more Wi-Fi access points at home. The main thing here is to design in advance where and how the channels for laying the fiber will be located.

User FORUMHOUSE with nickname _JG_, engaged in the design and construction of communication lines, advises:

In lay polyethylene pipes(thick-walled from recycled materials, minimum 63 diameter), one end of which is located in the basement of the house, and the other is led out with a bend in the pipe to the nearest lighting pole/support with an output of at least 1.5 meters. Or the 2nd end is discharged into the village’s cable sewer well. When building houses, this pipe should be laid during the backfilling phase. In practice, people start thinking about this late, when a lot has already been done.

Instead of “fiber optics,” the cable may also contain copper—an example is the popular ADSL data transmission technology, in which the modem is connected to a telephone line. The data transfer speed over an ADSL channel is lower than through optical fiber, and the longer the cable is stretched, the lower it becomes. The quality of communication can be influenced by various factors - from thunderstorms (if the cable is pulled through the air) to the presence of nearby power lines (if in the ground). All this creates interference and can damage the equipment. By and large, ADSL technology is already reaching its end and is gradually becoming a thing of the past, giving way to more reliable and efficient solutions.

3G and 4G

Today, a wireless mobile connection is perhaps the most popular way among summer residents to provide a country house with stable and fast Internet. Its undoubted advantage is price and territorial accessibility. Even a weak cellular network signal can, if desired, be strengthened to an acceptable level, and this will cost several thousand rubles (provided that standard, average equipment is purchased, otherwise the price soars to a couple of tens of thousands). The downside is also obvious: network instability and frequent signal losses - it is greatly weakened or even blocked by various obstacles along the way: power lines, tall buildings and even trees with foliage. Also, the signal level decreases when the base station is overloaded. By the way, some members of our portal complained about this: in the summer or on weekends, when the number of summer residents in rural areas increased sharply, their data transmission speed dropped for a long time, until the network was cut off.

But, not counting fiber optics, 3G and 4G connections are an excellent way to get an unlimited tariff for fast Internet outside the city. Depending on the speed offered, its cost can reach up to one and a half thousand rubles per month, but 400-800 rubles are enough for normal operation. “Unlimited” is offered by all major cellular operators - Beeline, MTS, Tele2, Skylink (all have 3G), as well as Megafon, Yota (4G) and others.

The maximum data reception speed with 3G reaches 14.7 Mbit/s, and with 4G – up to 326.4 Mbit/s (although in reality it is usually several times less).

What is required to install a full-fledged Internet kit? The installation should begin with “reconnaissance” of the area. Make sure your locality is covered by a 3G or 4G signal. This can be done on the provider’s website or checked at the point of sale. If everything went well, then the next step is to purchase a USB modem through which you will connect to the network.

Typically, modems, along with a SIM card and special “mobile” Internet tariffs, are offered by the providers themselves, and such devices are configured only for SIM cards of “their” operator. But if you wish, you can easily “unlock” them and reflash them, making the devices universal. There are plenty of sites on the Internet offering required codes activations and programs. If you don’t want to do this, you can buy a modem separately from specialty store or order, again, in the online store. Modems exist large number– some of them work only with 2G and 3G networks, others also cover 4G. The leader in the production of USB modems, primarily for 4G (specifically, its variety, the LTE standard) is the Korean company Huawei.

As is known, third and fourth generation mobile networks transmit signals in several frequency ranges. For 3G it is 900, 2100 or 1800 MHz, and for 4G it is 2600-2700 or 800 MHz. Therefore, when buying a modem, pay attention to what frequencies it operates with.

Otherwise, you may experience a repeat of the situation that one of the FORUMHOUSE readers encountered some time ago, who was providing Internet access to a dacha in the Moscow region.

Internet at the dacha in the Moscow region

Andrey -AA

GSM operators in the Moscow region and new Moscow in some places have a ban from the Ministry of Defense on the use of frequencies of 2100 MHz, and this is the main frequency for the 3G signal. Such restrictions exist almost throughout the new Moscow, and even much wider, in the Moscow region... There are different 3G standards, and modems are sold for “dummies” and are simply called “3G modem”, without specifying the standard and frequency. Which is what I initially ran into when I bought a Huawei E303 modem out of the blue. But it only works at frequencies 2100, which turned out to be prohibited for me.

Ideally, when you provide Internet for a dacha in the Moscow region, and in other regions, you should buy several different SIM cards and, connecting the modem to your laptop, travel with them around your village. This way you will understand which operator has the best signal and which base stations are closest to you. If you wish, you can install an MDMA (Mobile Data Monitoring Application) network analyzer program on your laptop - in the latest versions it also scans the 4G signal. For a smartphone (they have a built-in 3G modem), a similar program, NetMonitor or OpenSignal, is suitable.

As a result, such “intelligence” will give you an understanding of several important things. First of all, this is the location of the base stations of mobile operators, the frequency (MHz) and the strength of their signal (measured in decibels). Without this information, you are unlikely to be able to properly install an antenna to strengthen the network signal. Sometimes a regular USB modem itself provides good reception. But this only happens when you are in close proximity to the base station, and nothing interferes with the signal. In other cases, there is no way to do without “fine-tuning” the modem.

Internet at the dacha with your own hands: tohow to boost the signal

To increase signal strength you will need standard set equipment. The equipment for the Internet at the dacha is the same for both 3G and 4G: this is a modem for receiving the signal, a Wi-Fi router for its free wireless distribution inside the house, an antenna (as in the case of a modem, when purchasing, be sure to specify what frequency it is calculated), power supply or POE adapter and cables for connection and data transfer; adapters. It would seem like a simple circuit, but all this electronics can be mounted in different ways.

For example, a modem with a router (or a router separately) can be installed in a house or attic, regardless of the antenna. This allows you to protect them from temperature changes, and this makes it more convenient to organize power from an outlet. But in this case, both the modem and the router will be connected to the antenna using a coaxial cable. But it has limitations in length - no more than 12 meters (when using a thick 8D-FB cable), otherwise the signal will begin to attenuate and the Internet speed will drop. With a thinner cable, signal loss is even more noticeable, and a thick cable is not very convenient to install.

Readers of our portal consider the option in which all equipment is mounted immediately on the antenna, in a small box, to be more reliable. Both the modem and the Wi-Fi router are connected to the antenna using small pigtails. Our reader Vipych followed this scheme when installing an antenna for a 4G (LTE) signal.

Vipych

The best option is when there is no coaxial cable at all (only pigtails in the antenna), and the modem itself is installed in the antenna housing in a thermal casing and connected with pigtails to the vibrator’s printed circuit board. There are two pigtails, since the LTE antenna operates in the MIMO standard and has two carrier signals in different polarizations, which gives excellent propagation of the radio signal. This option eliminates cable losses and provides maximum gain. What comes out of the antenna is a regular USB cable 7-10 meters long or even a UTP cable 30-100 meters long (there should also be a router in the antenna), and all this is powered by the most common POE adapter.

At his dacha, user Vipych installed and successfully uses the HITE U-20 antenna with a universal Huawei modem E3372 and ASUS RT-N10U router. This system works with a SIM card from any mobile operator in 4G and 3G networks at frequencies of 2100 MHz. Moreover, in LTE networks the modem is capable of simultaneously connecting to three operator base stations.

Vipych

This antenna with a real gain of 20 dB provides stable communication with a tower at a distance of 11 km above a continuous forest. And the nearest tower (2-3 km from me) is overloaded and is located on the opposite side.

Member of FORUMHOUSE under the nickname Semen233 offers its own version of the amplifying antenna:

Semen233

The most powerful method of amplification is a satellite dish, and the antenna as a converter, you can assemble everything yourself. As an antenna-feeder, make a regular biquadrate, a 75 Ohm cable, an adapter and a modem with a connector. It is possible without a connector, but you will need to make a special adapter (roughly speaking, wrap the end of the cable around the modem). I've been using it for 5 years now. To the tower with the Internet, more than 25 km, I didn’t catch 3G without an antenna, but with it it catches all the sticks.

Using various amplification schemes, you can get a decent Internet signal at a distance of up to 15-25 km from the base station.

If the “power” of one Wi-Fi router inside the house is not enough, then you can organize several Internet access points in the cottage. The scheme is the same - an additional router, a wire.

• The higher you raise the antenna, the less “noise” there will be during signal transmission, which means better reception. It is important to point the antenna as accurately as possible towards the base station. By rotating it, you need to “catch” the direction with the best RSSI indicators (received signal power level).
• There is no point in buying an antenna with a very high gain - 11-18 dB is quite enough.
• Having caught the optimal direction and frequency of the network, remember it and set it as a priority in the modem settings (if allowed). Otherwise, it will then begin to “jump” across frequencies in search of a signal.
• If you do use a coaxial cable to connect equipment, it should be as short as possible.

By the way, if you don’t want to tinker with amplifier antennas, and the Wi-Fi signal from the router is too weak in some areas of the house, some experts advise installing additional routers there in “repeater” mode. Reflecting the main signal, they amplify it and transmit it further to the recipient (in the manner of electrical substations). But this solution has disadvantages: routers configured for different modes may conflict with each other, and transmitting a signal “back and forth” slows it down and prevents it from working quickly. It is not recommended to install repeaters for 4G at all because of their high power, which can damage even the base station.

Demon wired internet“Wi-Fi bridge” type, as well as the 4G signal of the WiMAX standard and other types of cellular connections that have not yet received sufficient distribution, we do not consider in this article.

Satellite Internet for a summer residence

This connection option is suitable even for those who are located in areas inaccessible to the frequencies of cellular operators. Satellite signals cover a large (and some all) territory of the country. The main condition is that there are no obstacles in the path of the signal from the antenna, such as the roof of a house or the tops of trees.

There are two types of satellite Internet – one-way and two-way. The first of them is cheaper, but slower and more unreliable. Its era, which did not last long, is ending, as is the era of ADSL connections. The second option is more modern, but also more expensive: the cost of the kit including installation reaches 30-35 thousand rubles. If you wish, you can try to assemble the kit yourself - the main thing is not to make a mistake with the choice of devices. Tariffs in both cases are limited, upon reaching limit value their speed either drops sharply or you have to pay extra for additional gigabytes. In principle, unlimited VIP tariffs exist from two-way Internet providers, but their price is exorbitant - from 8 thousand rubles per month. The set of equipment for both types is similar - transceiver, antenna, modem and converter for converting satellite signals, cables, connectors. A Wi-Fi router is also useful for distributing the Internet around the house.

What is the difference between the two types of satellite connection?

One-way Internet was actively offered by satellite television operators several years ago. But their idea did not receive large-scale development. In this type of connection, the signal from the satellite goes only towards the subscriber. This is logical, since the bulk of home Internet traffic is always incoming data (video, pictures, sound). The outgoing signal (what is not downloaded, but sent to the network) is several times smaller. Therefore, it was supposed to be launched through a simpler and cheaper channel: wired or mobile. This is the main disadvantage of the one-way Internet. Due to the difficulty of signal recoding and the instability of cellular communications, the speed and quality of the signal left much to be desired. Such a network is sensitive to weather changes and electromagnetic radiation.

Two-way Internet is designed to eliminate these shortcomings - the satellite signal here goes in both directions. True, this leads to its disadvantages. The so-called ping, or the time it takes for a signal to “go away and return,” lasts longer here than in conventional networks: about 8-9 milliseconds. Due to high ping, the subscriber may experience problems in situations that require signal continuity (a video conversation on Skype or an online network game). This type of satellite Internet is less sensitive to atmospheric interference than its one-way “brother,” but thunderstorms and sticky snow will still degrade the transmission quality. The size of the tariff depends on the speed (on average, 6-8 Mb/s) and the volume of monthly traffic, but it is in the range of 1.2-5 thousand rubles. Two-way satellite Internet at the dacha is preferable in areas of weak satellite signal.

To summarize: if you have the opportunity, it is worth connecting fiber optics to your home. If this type connection is not yet available for your region, you can connect wireless 3G or 4G Internet with an amplifier. In areas where the cellular signal is too weak (or where there is extra money), two-way satellite Internet is perfect.

Have a nice connection!

On FORUMHOUSE, users discuss how. Watch a video about the city's experiences in obtaining information and sharing data. And if you decide to install a home installation yourself, check out the advice of those who have already done it.

Bringing Internet to an apartment has not been difficult for a long time. Let's figure out how to connect the Internet to a private home, how much it costs, and what technology to choose. How much will it cost the user to access the network via a cable connection, a satellite dish and a mobile USB modem?

What Internet technologies are best to use in a private home?

Before deciding how much it costs to connect home internet in the private sector or country house, it is worth deciding on the technology. Let's look at the most common ones.

• Cable or fiber optic connection FTTB / PON / P2P. The simplest and cheapest technology, but in conditions of remoteness from large populated areas it becomes inaccessible. If a private house is located in the suburbs, then this option can be considered. For more remote towns and villages, cable Internet is often unavailable.
• Internet ADSL, xDSL. The most accessible and cheapest type of connection. Landline telephone lines are available in all localities. The technology allows you to simultaneously use your home phone and stay online.
• Wireless 3G via USB modem. Today, mobile operators offer network access using fourth-generation 4G and LTE communication standards. But the coverage area does not extend to small settlements and is concentrated only in large cities. 3G is often the only option to get access to the Internet, and the quality of communication greatly depends on the distance of the antenna and weather conditions.
• Satellite Internet. Allows you to access the network in areas remote from terrestrial telecommunications. The option is quite expensive, and the signal is not always stable, depending on the distance of the satellite.

The cost of Internet connected to a home depends on the technology chosen.

Internet connection cost

Let’s take a closer look at how much it costs to install Internet in a private home, for different types of connections. It is worth keeping in mind that the given values ​​are indicative and will differ from the final offer of the provider.

Options via cable

To use access to the network, you will most likely have to install Rostelecom Internet in a private home. It is this provider that most often supplies wired Internet to remote areas and has many subsidiaries representing the operator throughout the country. How much it costs to connect to the network will depend on its current tariffs.

Connecting to the Internet from Rostelecom is much more profitable than other options.

Satellite

Satellite Internet is a rather expensive way to access the Internet and it is better to use it if other options are excluded. The cost is also calculated individually and depends on the type of antenna, since the tariff for satellite communications does not change.

What does the cost consist of:

Even if the installation of equipment is carried out free of charge, organizing access to the network will cost at least 6,490 rubles. In this case, the subscription fee will be charged monthly.

Mobile

It is not always possible to provide Internet from Rostelecom to a private home; in this case, the only option left is to use wireless mobile access. Modem from mobile operator with correctly selected tariff plan can be relatively inexpensive.

Thus, all cellular communication companies make equal offers to subscribers, so you should choose based on the signal quality of each of them in a particular area.

Procedure

How much a Rostelecom Internet connection costs is described above. Let's look at how to organize cable Internet step by step.