Who are wintering birds definition. How can birds survive the cold winter? Adaptation, food, flight

Birds are considered warm-blooded creatures. They can easily survive even in the most severe frosts, but due to the fact that it is quite difficult to get food in winter, they have to fly to warmer climes.
Mostly migratory birds live near fields and ponds, but some still live in populated areas and forests. Migratory birds typically feed on insects and animal meat.

What types of birds are divided into?

Birds are divided into 4 types: sedentary, semi-sedentary, nomadic and migratory. Each species is special in its own way, has its own system of nutrition and existence.

1. Sedentary. Birds of this species live in one specific area. They are able to stay in their nest throughout the year. These birds include: nuthatches, eagle owls, white owls, and owls.
2. Semi-sedentary. This type of bird lives in the nest throughout the year. Only after the chicks hatch do they fly out of the nest in search of prey. These include: crows, magpies, hazel grouse, wood grouse, and bunting.
3. Nomadic. These birds don't have permanent home, they fly from one place to another in search of food. Nomadic birds include: siskin, bullfinch, woodpecker.
4. Migratory. It is these birds that gather in flocks and fly away to warmer climes. This species includes: loons, storks, geese, cranes.

What do wintering birds eat?

A huge number of birds such as pigeons, crows, sparrows, magpies, tits and many others remain to spend the winter in populated areas. Each of them eats differently, especially in winter.

• Sparrows feed mainly on seeds and, in rare cases, insects.
• Crows are omnivores.
• Rock pigeons feed on seeds of some plants or grains.
• Bullfinches extract seeds, usually from berries, and throw the remaining pulp aside.

In fact, it is especially difficult for birds in the winter season; getting food becomes more and more difficult every year. That is why a person has the opportunity to help a small creature. If you want to feed the birds yourself, then you should know what kind of food you can present to them:

• fruits;
• White bread;
• dried fruits;
• nuts and cones;
• and of course, various grains.

It should be understood that humans can make an invaluable contribution to the lives of a number of birds. Perhaps by bringing some food to the little creatures we can save them from starvation.

They remain in their native lands, while migratory ones change their habitat depending on the time of year. With the advent of cold weather, the food supply is reduced, so birds fly to regions with warm winters and accessible food. Among insectivorous species, there are more migratory birds than among granivorous species. In the spring they return to their homes to raise their chicks. Bird migration can occur over both short and long distances.

Rook

The only one migrant from the Voronov family. The female and male build a nest on the treetops. Rooks, they feed on plant seeds, earthworms, and mayweeds. A small percentage of the diet consists of small ones. Flight to warmer climes occurs in October. Rooks are early birds that return to their native places in March. Scientists have noticed that in some regions they began to lead a sedentary lifestyle.

Redstart

A tiny bird with a red tail lives in mixed forests, as well as gardens and parks. These birds feed on flies, beetles, small caterpillars and mosquitoes. The redstart migrates in early autumn and returns to its original place in May.

Song thrush

These representatives of the avifauna have chosen forests with dense undergrowth. Males attract females with their trills. Their diet consists of insects and wild berries. In autumn, the song thrush flies to western Europe and northern Africa. Arrival times depend on weather conditions. Birds return to their homes no later than the first ten days of April.

Grosbeak

The bird has a dense build and a massive beak. Grosbeaks build nests in the crowns of trees. located in deciduous forests, gardens and groves. The main food is the seeds and seeds of fruit and berry plants. Departure is at the beginning of September.

Field lark

The bird, which is slightly larger in size than a sparrow, lives in fields and hills. Larks make nests right on the ground, in the middle of rural areas. They feed on insects and seeds. The species winters in southern Europe, where it flies in mid-September. Field larks return en masse to their habitats in March, when the snow has not yet melted. They feed on last year's seeds, which they find in sun-warmed areas.

Finch

The small bird is known for its booming trills. Finches are found in forest-steppes, forests, parks and gardens. They make nests in low trees. Adults feed on seeds, earthworms and caterpillars. In winter, finches migrate in huge flocks to Southern Europe and the Caucasus. Some individuals prefer to simply move to more southern regions. Arrival occurs at the beginning of April, and a month later, the birds begin laying eggs.

Oriole

A brightly colored songbird native to Central Europe. It settles in mixed forests, groves and forest parks. The oriole tries to be inconspicuous, so it builds nests in the crowns of trees. The nest, made of stems, bast and plant fibers, resembles a basket. The oriole is careful, it tries not to fly off the branches. Adults feed on snails, beetles, and caterpillars. The bird is considered valuable for forestry. In the summer, the oriole pecks the fruits of bird cherry, mulberry and various berries. In August, birds fly to Africa and India for the winter. The oriole returns to its habitable places only in May, when the air warms up well.

Forest Pipit

The natural habitat of these birds is fields, sparse forests, edges and overgrown clearings. The pipit builds nests on the ground, in shallow holes. On the surface, birds move by running. The food source is insects; often birds pick up seeds from the ground. Pipits move to warm regions in small flocks or alone. Birds leave their habitats no later than the beginning of October. They migrate to Africa and India. The pipit returns from winter quarters in early April and immediately finds a pair for nesting.

Common cuckoo

The gray bird is slightly smaller in size than a pigeon. There is probably no person who has not heard the trill of a cuckoo. Birds are found throughout the country, from to. Cuckoos are polygamous birds. The female lays eggs in the nests of small passerine species. The grown-up cuckoo throws other chicks out of the nest, but the “parents” continue to feed it. Adults are active and voracious. All day long they eat caterpillars, slugs, dragonflies and grasshoppers. Cuckoos migrate to their winter quarters alone. Older generations leave earlier. They disappear from their habitable places by the end of August. Birds winter in Africa, Arabia and.

City swallow

The bird has black plumage on its back and white on its belly. The tail has a triangular ending. The city swallow, or swallow, is not adapted to walking. Their life is spent in flight. Birds catch insects in flight and even drink water. The swallow lives in populated areas throughout Europe. She makes nests from clay and earth on stone buildings. The birds arrive in mid-spring and occupy last year's nests. Departure to Africa is in mid-September.

Robin

The bird's closest relatives are nightingales. The robin is known for its ringing and melodious voice. These birds live in alder, spruce and forest parks. Their food source is: in warm weather they eat berries. A robin nests on the ground. Birds migrate to southern Europe singly. The birds return in April and immediately begin to build nests.

Chiffchaff

The species lives on the edges, in forest parks, and grass thickets. The habitat is distributed throughout the country. This species of warblers builds nests not only on the ground, but also in the thick of the undergrowth. They feed on cicadas, aphids, small butterflies and caterpillar pupae. Chiffchaffs winter in.

Common Starling

The starling is distributed from semi-deserts to semi-deserts. Migrations are observed in birds from the eastern parts of the range. The bulk of starlings nest in populated areas, using specially built houses. IN wildlife birds make nests in tree hollows. The diet consists of invertebrates. Starlings winter in the tropics of Africa and Asia.

Warbler

The bird is common in the European part of Russia. Its habitat is. The warbler nests mainly on young fir trees, junipers and raspberries. Birds feed on insects and their larvae; a small proportion of the diet consists of berries and seeds. Flight to Africa occurs in September, some individuals fly away only in October. The Black-headed Warbler returns in mid-May.

Common nightingale

The species is distributed in Europe and Siberia. Habitat: light forests, floodplains and city parks. The nightingale builds nests at the roots of bushes and in a pile of autumn leaves. During the breeding season, the birds' diet consists of insects and invertebrates. At the height of summer, the nightingale feeds on berries, nuts and seeds. Wintering takes place in East Africa. The birds return to their original places in early June.

White wagtail

The color of the bird is gray-white, its long tail sways periodically. The wagtail is distributed throughout Eurasia. It lives along river banks, on forest edges, and in agricultural lands. Nests are often found in residential areas, squares and parks. The bird moves well on the ground. The main food is mosquitoes, dragonflies, flies and butterflies. In the southern regions of Russia, the wagtail leads a sedentary lifestyle. Departure to the Mediterranean occurs at the beginning of September. Sometimes birds return to their nesting sites to remember them. Birds arrive in March, when the rivers are free of ice.

Lapwing

A small bird from the Plover family, common in Europe. The back of the lapwing is painted black with a metallic sheen. There is a crest of long feathers on the head. Birds prefer open spaces, so they settle in meadows, pastures and river valleys. They build nests in depressions on the ground. It is difficult for lapwing to protect its offspring from, both partners take part in protecting the nest. If the masonry is destroyed, the couple proceeds to a second attempt. Birds form flocks to search for food. The diet includes larvae, earthworms and snails. At the end of summer, lapwings gather in flocks and go to India, China and Japan for the winter. Birds return to their nesting sites in early spring, when there is snow everywhere. They move in both pairs and groups.

Elmira Bolshebratskaya

We saw tits and thought that all tits were the same species. We learned that she prefers sunflower seeds rather than oats, as is written in the literature. We tried feeding her strawberries and rowan berries - she ignored them. Feeds readily in a feeder made from plastic bottle. In cold windy weather it prefers not to feed, but sits out in more comfortable conditions.

We had to come up with the new kind feeding without using feeders, because the feeders were blown away by the wind and gusts reached 30 m/s.

We started making balls from bread crumbs and various seeds - they look so delicious! From the Internet we learned how to manufacture: prepared the balls and froze. The titmice were grateful to us for this and posed immensely!

The bullfinches, on the other hand, liked the berries; they also pecked at bread crumbs and grains. They can withstand frosts down to 35 degrees - they sit on a branch with their feathers fluffed up. The bullfinch has a black cap and a ring near its beak; white rump, ash-gray back, pink-red belly. Females have a gray ventral side. In winter, bullfinches eat well dried rowan and hawthorn, maple, ash and herb seeds.

At the end of January 2013, a grosbeak began to come to us for the night. First we took a picture of it, then determined its name on the Internet, before that we didn’t even know about its existence) Every evening at sunset it appeared, sat down on a birch branch, then pressed itself between the branch and the trunk, hiding from gusts of wind and cold. For about half an hour, he looked around, watching everything that was happening from his hiding place. As darkness fell, the grosbeak fell asleep. At dawn, without waiting for the sun to rise, he woke up and again carefully looked around, studying the situation. Only when he fully awakened from sleep did he fly away, only to return in the evening. This continued until the beginning of March. One morning he flew away for good! But in memory of him we still have photographs, the shots were taken during the evening "inspection".

The most awaited species for us were fieldfares and waxwings. We have been waiting for them since the beginning of frost, hanging frozen berries in the form of bunches of rowan berries.

We saw the fieldfare for the first time last winter, in the yard by chance - noticing bitten berries and broken branches in the snow - we raised our heads and saw unusual birds. We turned to Internet resources and found out that this is a fieldfare. I present to your attention our photo:

By our In my opinion, the waxwing is the most elegant wintering bird. What a color she has, you’re amazed at what nature is capable of! Birds They arrive in large flocks. They feed mainly on berries. Waxwings have an excellent appetite. Voracious waxwings eat a lot and quickly. They swallow the berries whole. They arrive at about the same time as the fieldfare. At the beginning of March, the fieldfares flew away - this was a haven for waxwings, here they fed the whole flock to their heart's content! True, this did not last long, about 10 days. They pleased us with their beautiful plumage and left these as a souvenir pictures:

I hope ours photo help someone identify the species birds that they saw in the yard! I wish you pleasant viewing!

Project type: informational and creative.

Project type: group.

Duration: short.

Age of participating children: 5-6 years.

Participants: teacher, children and parents of the group.

Relevance:

During the cold season, it is vitally important for wintering birds to feed themselves. The available food is becoming significantly less, but the need for it is increasing. Sometimes natural food becomes practically unavailable, so many birds cannot survive the winter and die.

After conducting a diagnostic conversation and offering children demonstration material (cards with images of wintering birds), it was possible to establish that of the 22 students surveyed, less than half of the group (10 children) recognized and correctly named almost all the birds presented; every third (8 children) was able to recognize and confidently name 6 birds, and every eighth (4 children) could remember and name only 4 birds. It follows from this that children have little experience in observing birds in nature. The majority of children surveyed do not have the skills to help birds in winter.

Target: expansion and enrichment of knowledge about wintering birds.

Tasks:

1. To consolidate children’s knowledge about wintering birds, about the role of humans in the life of wintering birds.

2. Replenish the group’s development environment with materials and equipment related to the project topic.

3.Cultivate a desire to help birds in difficult times.

Preparatory stage

— Determining the level of children’s knowledge about wintering birds.

— Questionnaire of parents.

— Defining the project theme, objectives, strategies and mechanisms.

— Selection of necessary literature on this topic.

Main stage.

Interaction with children.

1 Week.

Task: consolidate children's knowledge about wintering birds, about the role of humans in the life of wintering birds.

Monday - conversation “What do you know about birds?”

Tuesday - didactic games “Birds at feeders”, “What kind of birds you don’t see in winter.”

Goal: To clarify children’s knowledge about the habitat features of wintering birds (what they eat).

Rice. 1. Wintering birds.

Reading fiction: V. Zvyagina “Sparrow”, S. A. Yesenina “Winter Sings, Calls”, T. Evdoshenko “Take Care of the Birds”, Y. Nikonova “Winter Guests”.

Looking at images of wintering birds in illustrations in books and magazines.

Wednesday - Guessing riddles about wintering birds.

Drawing “Bullfinches on a rowan branch”

Target. Learn to convey the appearance of bullfinches.

Thursday — making hats and masks with images of birds for outdoor games.

Rice. 2. Magpie mask.

Friday - didactic games“The fourth is odd”, “One is many”.

Week 2.

Task: replenish the developmental environment of the group room with materials and equipment on the topic of the project.

Monday – add a selection of literature about birds to the book corner.

Tuesday - memorizing the poem “Sparrow” by N. Rubtsov.

Wednesday — album design: “Wintering Birds.”

Thursday — designing a card index of riddles and poems about birds.

— keeping a diary of observations of birds arriving at the feeder (daily).

Rice. 3. Winter bird watching calendar. 1 - senior; 2 – preparatory group.

Friday — design of the poster “Wintering Birds.”

Week 3.

Task: cultivate a desire to help birds in difficult times.

Monday - conversation “It’s difficult for birds to winter.”

Tuesday - memorization of poems by A. Prokofiev “Bullfinches”, A. Barto “Waxwings”, tongue twisters, rhymes about birds.

Wednesday - drawing "My favorite bird."

Friday - reading thin literature: L. Voronkova “Bird feeders”, V. Sukhomlinsky “How a titmouse wakes me up”, O. Grigorieva “Tit”, A. Yashin “Feed the birds in winter”;

— preparation of food for birds;

— outdoor games “Migration of birds”, “Birds in nests”, “Owl - owl”;

Interaction with parents

1 Week.

Monday – design of the “Wintering Birds” screen.

Week 2.

Consultations – "Feed the birds in winter" « They stayed for the winter, we will help them.”

The final stage.

Interaction with parents

Crafts competition-“Making bird feeders”

Photo 1. Birds at the feeder.

Interaction with children.

Quiz “Who knows more about birds?”

Target: consolidate knowledge about wintering birds and the ability to distinguish them.

Expected Result:

Children have developed a system of knowledge about wintering birds;

— the necessary conditions have been created in the group to form a holistic understanding of the life of wintering birds.

The children developed a desire to help birds in the winter season.

Broadcast of the project:

Speech with a message from work experience at pedagogical council DOW.

Project prospects: In the future I plan to develop a spring project “Birds of Migratory”.

Scenario for the holiday “Titmouse Day” with children 5-6 years old

Tasks:

• support and stimulate children’s attempts to independently explore the world around them, establishing connections between its objects;
• continue to teach children to take care of the birds that live next to us;
• use environmental knowledge and practical experience in productive activities.

Materials and equipment: laptop, projector, screen, audio recording of the songs “How beautiful this world is” (lyrics by V. Kharitonov, music by D. Tukhmanov), “Three titmice were dancing” (lyrics by A. Barto, Czech folk melody, arrangement by M. Rauchwerger), easel, pictures of wintering and migratory birds, feeder, birdhouse, sunflower seeds, boiled rice, pork fat, crackers, raw oatmeal, nuts, dried fruits, cheese, spoon, plastic trays and containers, apron.

Activating the dictionary: wintering birds, “Titmouse Day”, ingredients, sunflower seeds, oatmeal, rice, container, dried fruits.

Progress of the event

Soundsaudio recordingsongs "How beautiful this world is." The music hall is decorated with drawings depicting wintering birds, posters on the theme “Take care of the birds”, “More tits in the gardens - fewer damaged apples”.

Educator. Hello guys. It’s not for nothing that we included the song “How beautiful this world is, look!” It is she who calls us to stop and look around. Yes, it is truly a beautiful world, full of wonders and mysteries. Every day we encounter its secrets. Sometimes, in a hurry, we pass by without noticing them. Sometimes we accidentally try to guess some mystery of nature.

Extraordinary amazing world nature is the world of birds. Birds inhabit all corners of our planet. They delight us with beautiful singing and varied plumage. Without birdsong the world would be boring.

The song “Three Tits Danced” is performed, lyrics by A. Barto, Czech folk melody, arrangement by M. Rauchwerger.

Educator. So the golden autumn has died down, the crowns of the trees have thinned. They threw off their colorful outfit of foliage. September was surrounded by falling leaves, October was noisy with rain, November greeted us with the first frosts.

And as soon as it got colder outside, many birds began to fuss, as if someone had frightened them. Why is this happening?

There are different types of birds:

Some people are afraid of blizzards

And they fly away for the winter

To the good, warm south.

Others are a different people:

In the frost they circle over the forest,

For them, separation from their homeland

Worse than a severe cold.

To their ruffled feathers

Snowflakes don't stick,

They are also under the powders

They frolic to warm up.

K. Muhammadi

The children answer.

Educator. Yes, some birds flew to warmer climes, while others, on the contrary, flew to us for the winter. Now we will check if you know wintering and migratory birds.

The game “Find the wintering birds” is being played..

The teacher invites the children to choose a picture of a bird.

Educator. And now you will turn into a flock of birds. According to a conventional musical sound, wintering birds should gather in one flock, and migratory birds - in another. Then each flock looks to see if there are any strangers in their ranks.

The game is repeated with the exchange of cards.

Rice. 4. Cards for the game.

Educator. Do you guys know that for a long time in Rus' November 12th was celebrated? Titmouse's day- the day of meeting of wintering birds. For a long time, people prepared feeders for this day, read poems about birds, asked riddles, played and simply admired the winter birds. Why is this day called “Titmouse Day”? Yes, because people said that “the titmouse is God’s bird for Rus'.” Previously, in the old days they used to tell fortunes about it: they threw crumbs of bread, pieces of lard and observed: if the titmouse first begins to peck lard, then there will be livestock in the house; if it begins to peck at crumbs of bread, then there will be prosperity in the house. People used to say, “The titmouse is a small bird, but it knows its holiday.” What other signs associated with birds do you know?

The children answer.

Educator. Not only the titmouse bird stays with us for the winter, but other birds also wait out the winter cold in our forests and parks. How can we help birds in winter?

The children answer that they can make feeders, bring food, and feed the birds.

Educator. Yes, our task is to prevent birds from starving to death in winter, make feeders for them and feed them daily. Feathered friends bring benefits, but how many of you know what?

Pre-prepared children take turns speaking

1 child. Woodpeckers, starlings and tits destroy a huge number of insects. A tit eats as many insects per day as it weighs.

2nd child. A family of starlings destroys 350 caterpillars, beetles and snails per day.

3 child. A family of swallows contains about a million different harmful insects over the summer.

4 child. The rook destroys up to 400 worms and plant pests per day.

5 child. Birds peck the seeds and fruits of weeds and reduce the contamination of the area.

6 child. Many birds are orderlies and contribute to the improvement of the area.

Educator. And we must do everything to ensure that our feathered friends constantly feel our care.

Educator. The kids and their parents made feeders, let's take a look at them.

Adults and children show feeders and tell how they were made.

Photo 2. Bird feeders.

Educator. Now a fun task awaits you. Count how many birds have flown in at this hour?

We made a feeder
We opened a canteen.
Nuthatch, forest neighbor,
There will be lunch for you in winter.
Visit on the first day of the week.
The titmice flew to us.
And on Tuesday, look,
The bullfinches have arrived.
Three crows were on Wednesday.
We weren't expecting them for lunch,
And on Thursday from all over the world -
A flock of greedy sparrows.
On Friday in our dining room
The pigeon was enjoying porridge.
And on Saturday for pie.
Seven forty flew in.

Z. Aleksandrova “New dining room”

I suggest you simulate this problem. Select pictures of birds in the required quantity and place them in the feeder.

A model of a feeder and pictures of birds are demonstrated. Children attach pictures of birds to the feeder using magnets.

Rice. 6. Feeder model.

Educator. Count how many nuthatches, tits, sparrows, pigeons, magpies flew to our feeder? Answer the questions:
1. Which birds flew to the feeder first?
2. On what day of the week did the crows fly?
3. How many crows flew in?
4. What did the pigeon feast on at the feeder?
5. What did the magpies treat themselves to?
6. How many forty were there at the feeder?
Well done, you completed this task!

Educator. Since today is Sinichkin’s holiday, the birthday girls need to prepare a treat. What is the main treat on the holiday table?

Children offer various options answers.

Photo 3. Treats for birds.

Educator. I suggest you make a cake for the tits. Our cake will have three layers, and a group will work on each layer. Form into three groups and approach the table. On the table are the ingredients you will need to make the cake.

Assignment to the first group. You will need to prepare the largest layer of cake. The main ingredients of this layer are melted lard, breadcrumbs and sunflower seeds. Your task is to mix all the ingredients and place them in a large container.

Assignment to the second group. You will have to prepare the middle layer of the cake. Ingredients: boiled rice, peeled unsalted nuts, cheese. Mix everything and place in a medium container.

Assignment to the third group. You will cook the very top layer - it is the smallest. Ingredients: soaked oatmeal, dried fruits. Mix everything and place in a small container.

Children complete the task.

Educator. The cakes are ready. Now they need to be placed in the refrigerator for a while to harden. In the meantime, we’ll have a rest, we’ll hold a quiz and sing!

The quiz “What do we know about birds” is being held.

The adult asks questions, the children answer. The participant who gives the most correct answers wins.

Questions for the quiz:

1. What is the largest bird on earth?

2. Which bird is the smallest on earth?

3. What birds cannot fly?

4. What birds dance in the swamps?

5. Chicks, what bird doesn’t know its mother?

6. Which bird is called the “forest doctor”?

7. What bird is called the “forest orderly”?

The game "Bird Concert" is played.

Each group of three children is given the name of a bird and asked to demonstrate in chorus how these birds sing:

Sparrows - chirp - chirp.

Tits - ting - ting.

Crow - car - car.

Woodpecker - trrr - trrr.

Bullfinch - du - du - du.

Crossbill - clack - clack - clack.

Waxwing - tyur - tyr - tyr.

Educator. The cakes are ready, now let's build a three-layer cake and decorate it festively with dried fruits and candied fruits.

Children take out the frozen cakes, stack them one on top of the other like a pyramid and decorate them.

Photo 4. Cake for birds.

Educator. Now our cake is ready. Guys, let's remember that in winter our feathered friends get cold and hungry. Out of 10 tits, only one survives until spring. And our task is to prevent our wintering friends from dying of hunger in the winter. And here the titmouse has arrived.

Tit(pre-prepared child).

The winter day is getting shorter and shorter.
You won't have time to have lunch,
The sun will set behind the fence.
Not a mosquito, not a fly
There is just snow and snow everywhere.
It's good that we have feeders
Made by a kind person.

Yu. Sinitsyn

Educator. Guys, here's a family assignment for you. Hang bird feeders in your yard and feed your birds in the winter. And now, when you all get dressed, we will go outside and hang feeders in the area. When you pour food into them, say: “Bird, bird, here are the crumbs from my palm.” At the end of our meeting, I want to give each participant the booklets “What Birds Love” and “How to Feed Birds.” Pass them on to your friends, acquaintances, and neighbors. Once you start feeding your birds regularly, they will become your regular guests!

Feed the birds in winter

Let it come from all over

They will flock to you like home

Flocks on the porch.

It is much less common to see the woodpecker, or black woodpecker. This is the largest woodpecker in our forests, about the size of a crow. He takes out insects, their larvae, and pupae from under the bark and from rotten trees. Males differ from females by having a red “cap” that covers their entire head; in females it is very small.

The Lesser Spotted Woodpecker, the size of a sparrow, is found where there are a lot of rotten birches. Insectivore, but, on occasion, does not disdain seeds and is fed at feeders. Like the Great Spotted Woodpecker, the female does not have a “cap”.

Tits are the most famous and numerous group of birds that remain with us for the winter. Great tit In winter it stays close to human habitation, but is also found in forests. Other species of tits prefer forests; only a few individuals live near villages and towns. Flocks of tits, often mixed, consist of several species, sometimes accompanying woodpeckers and nuthatches. It happens that pikas also wander through the forest with tits. All of them feed mainly on insects, extracting them from under the bark; on occasion, they also feed on seeds. Ordinary visitors to feeders.

The largest species of tit is the great tit.

The blue tit is a small, neat, very lively titmouse.

There is also a blue tit, or princeling, but it is extremely rare.

The brown-headed chickadee is a plump bird.

Tufted tit - grenadier.

On forest edges, in the floodplains of streams and rivers, you can see cute small long-tailed titmice.

The nuthatch is a bright, lively bird. Deftly crawls up and down trunks.

The pika is also a great master at climbing tree trunks.

Corvids are large omnivorous birds. Of these, the crow stands out for its size. Unlike the hooded crow, in winter it is found only in our forests. His guttural, peculiar voice can be heard from afar.

The jay is bright, unlike the other black and white corvids. The voice is sharp and creaky.

There are few gray crows in the forest in winter; they prefer to feed near human habitation at this time of year.

Magpie, like gray crow, everyone knows, she prefers to stay on the outskirts of the forest and closer to housing.

It is easier for finch birds to feed in winter: seeds, buds. Unlike tits and corvids, the sex of which is almost indistinguishable, male and female finches are clearly distinguished by appearance. Males are distinguished by their bright, one might say tropical, coloring, while females are much more modest. This difference is clearly visible in the example of bullfinches.

Flocks of tap dancers feed in birch forests and on the edges.

Quite a rare bird - bee-eater, crimson male and modestly colored female.

Among these birds there is a special one - the crossbill; for its bright color and curved beak it received the name “northern parrot”. We have several types of them: spruce, pine, white-winged. The most common species is spruce. These amazing birds build nests and lay eggs already in January - February. They raise their chicks in winter. It was at this time that the forest abounds with their food, spruce seeds. In March, when the sun begins to warm up, conifer cones open and scatter their seeds. Therefore, crossbills have to hurry.

Another group of birds that stay with us in winter are chickens. We see them much less often; these are commercial species; the birds are extremely careful. The main food at this time of year: pine needles, buds. Males are brightly colored, females are mottled.