How to make a spindle oscillating sander for wood. Oscillating spindle grinding machines Oscillating spindle grinding machine

Characteristics

• Rotational-oscillatory movement of the grinding sleeve
• Removable grinding spindles with replaceable abrasive sleeves
• Adjusting the tilt of the desktop
• Cast iron work table

Jet JBOS-5 is a compact professional-class machine for high-quality and fast grinding of curved and radius edges. The spindle with the abrasive sleeve makes an oscillatory rotational movement, that is, not only around its axis, but also a vertical stroke up and down 25 mm. This allows for more efficient use of abrasive material, increases productivity and quality of grinding.

The powerful asynchronous motor is designed for long-term operation, the massive body with rubber supports and the heavy cast-iron table absorb vibrations well. There is a mechanism for tilting the table up to 45° for angled sanding.

The machine is supplied complete with a set of replaceable bushings designed for installing sleeves of different diameters. Depending on it, the insert into the table also changes; when working with a tilt, an insert with an oval hole is mounted.

Equipment

• Grinding spindles with sleeves 100G 6x150 mm, 12x150 mm, 16x150 mm, 38x150 mm and 50x150 mm
• 2 table inserts with round hole
• 2 table inserts with oval hole for inclined sanding
• Adapter 50 to 100 mm for connection to an exhaust unit

For uniform processing of wooden products, a spindle is used. Factory models provide the greatest efficiency. But due to their high cost, purchasing is not always advisable. An alternative option is to make it yourself.

Functional Features of Spindle Grinding Machine

During end processing of wooden workpieces special requirements are presented to the quality of grinding. Making them manually is problematic and often leads to defects. For these purposes, it is best to use a do-it-yourself spindle grinding machine.

Unlike other types of woodworking equipment, this machine is large in size. This is due to the specifics of its design. It consists of a power unit, a spindle and a support frame. The above-described components are mounted on the latter. The spindle is positioned vertically and is mounted on its surface. sandpaper. An oscillating grinding machine is used for continuous production. The difference lies in the additional movement of the spindle along the vertical axis. This ensures maximum processing quality.

When making such equipment with your own hands, the presence of an oscillating spindle is not provided. This is due to possible problems and laboriousness of the work.

The main characteristics of a spindle grinding machine that you can make yourself:

• electric motor parameters. The optimal power is from 0.6 to 2 kW. Rotation speed - 2000 rpm;
• spindle diameter. It is recommended to make several removable models mounted on the motor shaft. The diameter can vary from 20 to 180 mm. The higher this indicator, the faster the processing will take place;
• weight of the desktop. During operation of a self-made encryption machine, vibrations will inevitably appear. To eliminate them, it is recommended to increase the weight of the work table or perform a rigid fastening to another work surface.

The size of the tabletop directly depends on the dimensions of the workpieces. When processing small parts, you will need a platform of 50*50 cm. If their size is large, you need to make a large tabletop.

Factory models with an oscillating unit cost about 20 thousand rubles. Therefore, you need to think in advance about the feasibility of making it yourself.

Selecting components for a spindle grinding machine

The selection of components for is carried out only after drawing up the diagram. You can take drawings of factory models as a basis. Adjustments to the documentation are made according to the parameters of the available components.

The main component of homemade equipment is the electric motor. The best option would be to use a single-phase model with a power of up to 2 kW. The next element is the transition structure for attaching the spindle. This may be a shaft connected to the engine rotor using a belt drive. If it is necessary to regulate the speed, it is recommended to install pulley systems.

• frame. It is advisable to make it in the form of a desktop. Most factory designs have a cast iron body, which provides adequate stability. A wide desktop will have similar properties;
• spindle. Since this is the most wearing part of the equipment, it is best to make it from wood. This will reduce production costs, as well as reduce the cost of components.

The shaft with the spindle should be located closer to the center of the table. But at the same time it must freely reach the treatment area.

Making your own grinding machine

After preparing the manufacturing diagram and blanks, you can begin assembling the structure of the grinding machine with your own hands. The support table is best made from steel pipes square section with additional stiffening ribs. The upper part under the tabletop must have a frame base.

First, the tabletop is made. For this you can use a sheet of fiberboard. A hole for the spindle is cut in the middle part of the workpiece. Then an adapter block is installed that connects the shaft to the engine rotor. After this, the power plant is installed. There are no restrictive or fixing components on the surface of the tabletop. The degree of processing of workpieces depends on their pressure to the abrasive surface.

Some factory settings provide a mechanism for changing the angle of the spindle relative to the workpiece. The same can be done in homemade models. However, it should be remembered that the presence of this unit in the circuit will increase the complexity of manufacturing the structure.

The video shows an example of a homemade design:

For wood processing there are many models of professional machines used in technological operations. The list of woodworking equipment includes oscillating spindle grinding machines Jbos-5, Scheppach OSM-100 used in the processing of wood products. If necessary, you can assemble a machine with your own hands to work at home, observing the necessary technical specifications and safety requirements.

Features of the use of spindle machines

The products of world leaders in the production of woodworking equipment are well known in Russia:

• Jet (Switzerland);
• Scheppach (Germany),

producing oscillating spindle grinding machines:

• Jbos-5;
• Jovs-10;
• Joss-S;
• Scheppach OSM 100;
• Scheppach 450 B.

Jbos-5 machines are also produced at production facilities in China under license from a Swiss company.

Oscillating spindle machines consist of the main units:

1. Electric motor.
2. Desktop tiltable up to 45° on some models.
3. A set of spindles with sleeves.
4. A special oscillating mechanism placed in an oil bath, which can significantly extend the service life.
5. Protective housing with stand for spindles.
6. A set of table inserts with round holes.
7. A set of table inserts with oval holes designed for inclined grinding operations.
8. A special device for connecting the exhaust of generated waste.
9. Control unit.

Structurally, the machine consists of a spindle on which pulleys of different sizes are installed. When connected using a gear, the pulleys may have the same diameter, but the number of teeth may be different. The main working pulley is rigidly mounted on the shaft, and another equipped with an eccentric is installed on the end part. It must be taken into account that the height of the motor pulley must coincide with the range of vertical movement of the spindle. Due to the difference in speed, a reciprocating motion is created.

The main parts of the machine are made of cast iron, due to which its stability is achieved when processing workpieces. And the use of an oil bath to lubricate the oscillating mechanism allows you to extend its service life. The most widely used machines are Jbos-5, which have a compact size, good performance, reliability and low price.

Before starting the work process, the grinding sleeve necessary to remove burrs from the workpiece is selected. Next, a flange is selected, which should have a tight fit.

The washer is installed on the spindle from below with further selection of the bushing and shaft. The flange must fit tightly and be placed on the spindle in a special hole. Next, the sleeve and shaft are installed on the spindle, and the upper spindle is secured with a washer and nut. It is also necessary to take into account that when finishing on the machine, the workpiece is fed into the working area from right to left, and the sleeve rotates counterclockwise.

Oscillating machines are mainly used for processing shaped edges of workpieces and wood parts using a sleeve that performs rotational and oscillatory motion. They are easy to use, have high-quality processing of products, and do not require complex setup and adjustment of equipment. Durable with proper use and compliance with technical maintenance regulations.

Main performance characteristics

Models of grinding machines manufactured by various companies have certain characteristics:

1. Electric motors with a power of 0.8 - 1.3 kW.
2. A certain desktop size.
3. The permissible height of the workpiece for processing is 100-160 mm.
4. The spindle speed is 1300-1400 rpm.
5. Possible spindle oscillation frequency is 30-60 times per minute.
6. The permissible spindle stroke is 25-40 mm.
7. Possible tilt of the work table is from 15 to 45°.
8. The permissible size of the processing tool is up to 250 mm.
9. Certain weight characteristics - from 10 to 140 kg.

The machines are also equipped with special devices that allow the removal of waste generated during the processing of parts.

Technical conditions for machine maintenance

The operation of oscillating machines requires certain regulations for carrying out preventive maintenance.

For the normal functioning of the grinding machine, it is necessary to periodically perform certain operations:

• once every 30 hours. the condition of the commutator brushes is checked and, if necessary, replacement is made (if the length of the brushes is less than 3.5 mm);
• Constantly clean the bottom flange and washer from dust;
• Constantly lubricate the working mechanisms of the machine.

Making your own grinding machine

If it is necessary to carry out wood processing operations, you can assemble a household machine with your own hands - a structure that must meet certain requirements:

1. The electric motor must be attached to the front pillar and connected to the grinding wheel using a shaft.
2. Circles can have different surfaces:

• made of abrasive material;
• felt;
• special fabric.

1. The base for mounting the electric motor must be movable and rotatable in any direction.
2. The electric motor must have sufficient power and shaft speed.

The use of oscillating spindle grinding machines makes it possible to achieve high quality processing of wood products, significantly increasing labor productivity and reducing the time required to complete operations.